Bacillus anthracis causes the infectious disease named anthrax. Disease occurs most frequently in particularly susceptible herbivores and less often in omnivores, carnivores and humans. The aim of the study was application of Real-time PCR based on TaqMan probes for detection of B. anthracis in biological samples, like blood and liver. The experiment involved four vaccinal and two field strains of B. anthracis and also other Bacillus species. For evaluation of the specificity of tests six additional strains of other species of bacteria were used. DNA was isolated using kits Genomic Blood Mini or Genomic Mini, A&A Biotechnology. The QuantiTect Probe PCR Kit, Qiagen was used in the studies. Genes located on plasmid pXO1 (pag gene) and on plasmid pXO2 (cap-C gene), as well as the specific chromosomal sequence rpoB, were used for detection of B. anthracis in contaminated biological samples in Real-time PCRs. Real-time PCRs, on the basis of observation of amplifica- tion curves, allowed detection of examined genes in blood and liver samples experimentally contaminated with six strains of B. anthracis. The sensitivity of performed tests were determined. The amplification products specific for B. anthracis were obtained, while isolates of other species of microorganisms did not show presence of reaction products. Real-time PCRs based on TaqMan probes, applied to B. anthracis contaminated biological samples, were significantly sensitive and highly specific.