In this review, important information about 2007 Eurasiatic epidemic of African swine fever (ASF), which started from Georgia, with particular reference to Poland, was presented, underlining the role of the wild boar in transmission of the ASFV. Among methods used for investigation, cameras for observation of the wild boar behavior towards their dead fellows and their surroundings, were employed. It was concluded, that both the high tenancy of the ASFV and the long time the wild boar carcasses can remain in the environment, allow the persistence of the virus for several months or even longer. Therefore the rapid detection and removal or destruction on the spot of contaminated carcasses was strongly recommended. It was demonstrated that very low doses of ASFV are sufficient to infect especially weak animals which can be asymptomatic shedders of the virus, prolonging the epidemic, not being recognized for a long time. As another topic of this paper a cartographic map characterizing the distribution of the wild boar including ASF distribution in Eurasia was presented. Summarizing the review, it was stated, that basing also on Polish experience of four years with ASF, the wild boar is one of the most important factors in the transmission of the ASFV and in extending the territory of the epidemic.