Bacterial communities in the reproductive tract of avian species play an important role in keeping birds healthy and encouraging growth. Infection can occur during egg formation with pathogens that can be transmitted to the embryo. In this study, we investigated the bacterial composition in the turkey reproductive tract using a taxa identification based on the amplicon sequence of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The microbial composition and relative abundance of bacteria differed between individual birds. Among the 19 phyla detected in turkey oviduct were unique taxa like Planctomycetes or Petescibacteria. Differences in composition of bacterial diversity were found at the family and genus level. Oviducts contained also several genus with well-recognized avian pathogens like Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and Ornithobacterium. Some of the bacteria described in this study have not been so far identified in turkeys. The objective of this study was to identify bacterial communities in the turkey oviduct and compared the composition of the oviduct with that in chickens broadening the knowledge of the microbial composition in the reproductive tract of poultry.